中国安全科学学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (11): 45-50.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.11.008

• 安全工程技术科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

古建筑木板壁结构对室内火蔓延过程影响研究*

李贤斌1 讲师, 濮凡1, 邹丽2 工程师, 高郭平1 教授, 丛北华**3 教副研究员   

  1. 1 上海海事大学 海洋科学与工程学院,上海 201306;
    2 上海同泰火安科技有限公司,上海 201703;
    3 同济大学 上海防灾救灾研究所, 上海 200092
  • 收稿日期:2019-08-18 修回日期:2019-10-20 发布日期:2020-10-30
  • 通讯作者: ** 丛北华(1978 ―),男,江苏如东人,博士,副研究员,主要从事火灾动力学演化与防治技术、火灾风险评估与性能化防火设计、城市公共安全风险预警与应急处置等研究。E-mail: bhcong@tongji.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:李贤斌 (1986—),男,浙江嘉兴人,讲师,主要从事多相流数值模拟、消防安全、安全管理、化工安全及安全防护与技术等研究。E-mail: xbli@shmtu.edu.cn。

Numerical simulation study on influence of plank wall on fire spread in ancient building

LI Xianbin1, PU Fan1, ZOU Li2, GAO Guoping1, CONG Beihua3   

  1. 1 School of Safety Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China;
    2 Shanghai Tongtai Fire & Security Technology Co. Ltd., Shanghai 201703, China;
    3 Shanghai Institute of Disaster Prevention and Relief, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
  • Received:2019-08-18 Revised:2019-10-20 Published:2020-10-30

摘要: 为提出切实可行的古建筑火灾防治措施,木结构古建筑特有结构木板壁对火灾蔓延的影响规律值得重点关注。以上海静安寺大雄宝殿为例,利用火灾动力学模拟器(FDS)软件开展火灾数值模拟,研究不同结构木板壁对古建筑室内火灾蔓延过程的影响。结果表明:木板壁作为火焰纵向蔓延的主要通道,其上部开口增大,火焰纵向蔓延时间增加,轰燃推迟;木板壁上部开口可加速火灾烟气的水平蔓延速度,不同开口尺寸对大殿后方烟气层沉降速度影响不大;无开口结构时烟气层高度下降至4 m,用时增加20 s。

关键词: 古建筑火灾, 木板壁, 数值模拟, 轰燃, 烟气层高度, 火灾蔓延

Abstract: Ancient timber buildings have special fire characteristics. In order to put forward feasible fire prevention and control measures, the influence law of the specific structure plank wall on the fire spread was researched. A specific fire in the main hall of Jing'an temple in Shanghai was simulated using Fire Dynamics Simulator(FDS) to obtain the influence of plank wall with different structures on the fire spreading. The results show that the plank wall acts as the main channel for longitudinal propagation of the flame, and the flame longitudinal propagation time increases and flashover delays with the increasing of upper opening size, that the upper opening can accelerate the fire smoke horizontal spreading speed, that different opening sizes have little influence on the settling velocity of smoke layer behind the main hall, and that the condition without opening increases the time that the smoke layer height falling to 4 m by 20 s.

Key words: ancient building fire, plank wall, numerical simulation, flashover, smoke layer height, fire spread

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