中国安全科学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (1): 142-148.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2022.01.019

• 公共安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

考虑主动避让行为的养老场所人员疏散研究

霍非舟1,2(), 刘昶1,2, 马亚萍1,2,**(), 李盈1,2   

  1. 1武汉理工大学 中国应急管理研究中心,湖北 武汉 430070
    2武汉理工大学 安全科学与应急管理学院,湖北 武汉 430070
  • 收稿日期:2021-10-05 修回日期:2021-12-18 出版日期:2022-01-28 发布日期:2022-07-28
  • 通讯作者: 马亚萍
  • 作者简介:

    霍非舟(1987—),男,河南周口人,博士,副教授,主要从事人员疏散、风险评估、公共安全与应急管理等方面的研究。E-mail:
    霍非舟 副教授,马亚萍 讲师

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助(51808422); 国家自然科学基金资助(51604204); 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2019IVB005); 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2020VI002); 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2020-AQYJ-B1-07)

Study on evacuation in elderly care places considering active avoidance behavior

HUO Feizhou1,2(), LIU Chang1,2, MA Yaping1,2,**(), LI Ying1,2   

  1. 1China Research Center for Emergency Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan Hubei 430070, China
    2School of Safety Science and Emergency Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan Hubei 430070, China
  • Received:2021-10-05 Revised:2021-12-18 Online:2022-01-28 Published:2022-07-28
  • Contact: MA Yaping

摘要:

为明确主动避让行为对养老场所人员疏散的影响,建立考虑主动避让弱势群体行为的元胞自动机模型,模型分别考虑避让弱势群体前方行走区域、斜前方行走区域、前方和斜前方行走区域对人员疏散的影响;分析不同避让方式下弱势群体比例、行人密度、弱势群体位置分布对整体疏散结果的影响。结果表明:主动避让弱势群体行为能够降低疏散时间,增加疏散的通畅性;弱势群体比例的增加以及人员密度的增大会增加疏散时间,存在最佳的避让方式使得疏散效率最高。弱势群体分布在近出口区域能够显著提高疏散效率。

关键词: 主动避让行为, 养老场所, 人员疏散, 元胞自动机, 弱势群体

Abstract:

In order to study influence of active avoidance behavior on evacuation in elderly care places, a cellular automata model that considered behavior of active avoidance of vulnerable persons was established. The model discussed influence of avoiding front walking area, oblique front walking area, front and oblique front walking area of vulnerable persons on their evacuation. Then, impacts of these people's proportion, pedestrian density, and their location distribution on overall evacuation results under different avoidance methods were analyzed. The results show that actively avoiding vulnerable persons can reduce evacuation time and increase its smoothness. Growth in their proportion and that in pedestrian density will increase evacuation time, and there is an optimal avoidance method that can result in the best evacuation efficiency. And the efficiency can be significantly improved by distributing vulnerable persons near exits.

Key words: active avoidance behavior, elderly care places, evacuation, cellular automata, vulnerable persons