考虑视觉障碍行人的疏散模型

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.12.2081

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (12): 183-191.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.12.2081

考虑视觉障碍行人的疏散模型

孙华锴¹^,²^,³(), 陈长坤², 翁佳俊¹, 朱凯⁴, 吴珂¹^,³^,^**()

¹ 浙江大学平衡建筑研究中心,浙江杭州 310007
² 中南大学防灾科学与安全技术研究所, 湖南长沙 410075
³ 浙江大学海洋感知技术与装备教育部工程研究中心,浙江舟山 316021
⁴ 中国计量大学质量与安全工程学院, 浙江杭州 310018

收稿日期:2023-06-11 修回日期:2023-09-21 出版日期:2023-12-28
通讯作者:
**吴珂(1979—),男,重庆人,博士,副教授,主要从事交通环境与安全等方面的研究。E-mail: wuke@zju.edu.cn。
作者简介:
孙华锴 (1996—),男,浙江绍兴人,博士研究生,研究方向为人员应急疏散、公共安全与应急管理等。E-mail: sunhuakai@zju.edu.cn。
陈长坤,教授
朱凯,副教授
吴珂,副教授
基金资助:
浙江省重点研发项目(2018C03029); 杭州市人工智能领域重大科技攻关项目(2022AIZD0057); 杭州市人工智能领域重大科技攻关项目(2022AIZD0102); 国家自然科学基金资助(71790613); 湖南省高新技术产业科技创新引领计划项目(2020SK2004)

Evacuation model considering visually impaired pedestrians

SUN Huakai¹^,²^,³(), CHEN Changkun², WENG Jiajun¹, ZHU Kai⁴, WU Ke¹^,³^,^**()

¹ Center of Balance Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou Zhejiang 310007, China
² Institute of Disaster Prevention Science and Safety Technology, Central South University, Changsha Hunan 410075, China
³ Engineering Research Center of Oceanic Sensing Technology and Equipment, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan Zhejiang 316021, China
⁴ College of Quality & Safety Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou Zhejiang 310018, China

Received:2023-06-11 Revised:2023-09-21 Published:2023-12-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究视觉障碍行人对人群疏散的影响,首先根据ISOBE等人的可控试验结果,描述视觉障碍行人疏散行为,并考虑正常行人对视觉障碍行人的帮助行为,采用移动概率和修正Moore邻域规定的小团体运动规则,建立考虑视觉障碍行人的场域元胞自动机疏散模型;然后通过模拟视觉障碍行人活动场所人群疏散的运动状态和演化过程,探究帮助行为、视觉障碍行人占比、出口位置对整体疏散结果的影响。结果表明:正常行人对视觉障碍行人的帮助行为能有效减少疏散时间,帮助行为对于混合人群疏散效率的提升作用随着人群密度的增加愈发显著;混合人群中视觉障碍行人占比增大会导致疏散效率降低,且这种不利影响随着人群密度的增加会加剧;相比于出口在墙角或出口距墙角有一定距离,出口位置在墙壁中心对于混合人群疏散更有利。

关键词: 视觉障碍行人, 正常行人, 疏散模型, 帮助行为, 元胞自动机, 疏散时间

Abstract:

In order to study the influence of visually impaired pedestrians on crowd evacuation, a floor field cellular automata evacuation model was established to simulate the movement state and evolution process of crowd evacuation in the place where visually impaired pedestrians appeared. In the model, the evacuation behavior of visually impaired pedestrians was described by combining with the controlled experiment phenomenon of ISOBE et al., and the helping behavior of normal pedestrians to visually impaired pedestrians was considered. Besides, the movement of the small group was determined by the movement probability and modified Moore neighborhood. Then the influence of normal pedestrians' helping behavior, the proportion of visually impaired pedestrians and the exit location on the evacuation were studied using the model. The results showed that the helping behavior of normal pedestrians to visually impaired pedestrians could effectively reduce the evacuation time, and the beneficial effect of helping behaviors on the evacuation efficiency became more significant as the crowd density increased. The evacuation efficiency would reduce when the proportion of visually impaired pedestrians in mixed crowds increased, and this adverse influence would increase as the crowd density increased. Compared with the exit at the corner and the exit near the side wall, the location of the exit in the middle of the wall is more beneficial to the evacuation of mixed crowds.

Key words: visually impaired pedestrian, normal pedestrian, evacuation model, helping behavior, cellular automata, evacuation time

孙华锴, 陈长坤, 翁佳俊, 朱凯, 吴珂. 考虑视觉障碍行人的疏散模型[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2023, 33(12): 183-191.

SUN Huakai, CHEN Changkun, WENG Jiajun, ZHU Kai, WU Ke. Evacuation model considering visually impaired pedestrians[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2023, 33(12): 183-191.

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正常行人类型	k_s	k_h
帮助者 (帮助半径r内无未被帮助的视障行人)	1	0
帮助者 (帮助半径r内有未被帮助的视障行人)	0	1
不帮助者	1	0

考虑视觉障碍行人的疏散模型

Evacuation model considering visually impaired pedestrians

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