Table of Content

28 April 2023, Volume 33 Issue 4

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Safety science theory and safety system science Safety social science and safety management Safety engineering technology Public safety Technology and engineering of disaster prevention and mitigation Emergency technology and management Occupational health

Safety science theory and safety system science

Review and prospect of safety soft science research: connotation, extension and challenge

TONG Ruipeng, WANG Lulu, HU Xiangyang, SUN Ninghao

2023, 33(4):  1-8.  doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.04.1894

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In order to promote the safety soft science to advance in the logic of historical progress and develop in the trend of the times, the literature review method and comparative analysis method were used to sort out and analyze the research connotation, extension, trends, and challenges of safety soft science. The results show that safety soft science can be understood as a structured knowledge system involving safety decision-making, risk prevention, emergency management, and it is also an organic combination of comprehensive and interdisciplinary subject groups. Safety soft science mainly involves three levels and categories: philosophical thinking, humanistic interpretation, and empirical confirmation of safety science. The philosophical thinking category focuses on objective safety theory research and rational safety decision-making spiritual activities. The humanistic interpretation category concentrates on various safety cultural phenomena aggregated in the development of human society. The empirical category deal with the exploration of significant accident evolution laws and scientific system safety analysis and argumentation. In the face of the complexity of safety issues, it is urgent to further construct a safety soft science theoretical system for integrated open systems. Under the trend of new technology integration and multidisciplinary intersection, the advantages of globalization and informatization of safety should be given full consideration and the path of multi-agent cooperative governance should be explored.

Collaborative construction mode and connotative development of discipline, specialty, and curriculum

WANG Kai, JING Peiyu, WANG Liang, WANG Enyuan, LIU Xiaofei

2023, 33(4):  9-14.  doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.04.1543

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In order to promote the discipline development and specialty construction of national safety science and engineering, based on the national " double first-class " discipline and curriculum " double ten thousand " plan and the goal and connotation of new engineering construction, this paper, according to the characteristics of safety science and engineering discipline, used system theory and collaborative development method to clarify the internal relationship among discipline, specialty and curriculum construction and analyzed the internal among them. Starting from the connotation development of higher education and the construction policy of education power, this paper put forward the representation mode of safety discipline in the collaborative construction of discipline, specialty, and curriculum. The innovation of safety innovative talents training in three aspects of education, the concept, training mode, and guarantee mechanism, were introduced. According to the requirements of new engineering construction, the coordinated development path of disciplines, specialties, and curriculums was constructed, and different solutions were proposed from five aspects: curriculum construction, innovative talents training, teacher connotation construction, and ideological and political guidance organization platform construction. Through multiple measures, the training system of safety innovative talents and the concept of innovative talents training reformed to promote the organic combination and comprehensive, high-speed, and coordinated development of the three, providing a reference for the collaborative construction of disciplines, specialties, curriculums and personnel training of similar disciplines.

Research on safety & security situation awareness path for ternary space

WANG Bing, SHI Zhiyong, ZHU Jingjing, XU Fangting

2023, 33(4):  15-21.  doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.04.1433

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In order to establish the “physical-social-information” ternary space SSA theory, and further to enrich the SSA theories, research on the ternary space SSA path was carried out. Based on the theory level, the concept connotation of ternary space SSA was analyzed, and on this basis, the model for ternary space SSA path was constructed and analyzed. The results show that ternary space SSA is a set of theory, method and technology which can transform ternary space safety & security information into ternary space safety & security situation intelligence. Four aspects are needed for ternary space SSA: SSA based on ternary space safety & security "six flows", SSA based on ternary space safety & security event chain, SSA based on ternary space interface and SSA based on ternary space safety & security information integration.

Study on background and value for establishment of bio-security & safety intelligence science

YOU Bo, WANG Bing, ZHANG Yixin, LU Yi, LUO Xiao

2023, 33(4):  22-28.  doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.04.1639

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For the scientific and rational construction of bio-security & safety intelligence science, based on biosecurity and security informatics, combined with the current biosecurity background, the construction background and value of bio-security & safety intelligence science were analyzed. Biosecurity risk prevention and resolution cannot be separated from the support of biosecurity information, and biosecurity information had become an important new topic in security informatics. Firstly, the construction background of bio-security & safety intelligence science was analyzed from the three aspects of biosecurity situation, national strategy and technical support conditions. Secondly, starting from the aspects of practical value and disciplinary value, the value of biosecurity information was discussed, the main characteristics of biosecurity science were analyzed, and the consistency between biosecurity intelligence work and biosecurity prevention and resolution work was analyzed. The results show that bio-security & safety intelligence science is an imperative new branch of security information science and biosecurity science. Biosecurity risk prevention and resolution urgently needs the support of bio-security & safety intelligence science, and the construction of bio-security & safety intelligence science is the need of biosecurity science and security information science.

Safety social science and safety management

Analysis of regional work safety heterogeneity based on persrective of industrial structure

ZHANG Jiangshi, MAO Xiangning, YU Yan, LI Jing, YOU Qingqing

2023, 33(4):  29-35.  doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.04.0909

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In order to clarify the differences and causes of work safety conditions among regions in China, based on the domestic provincial panel data from 2005 to 2019, this paper analyzed the work safety conditions and industrial structure levels of 31 provinces in China in the past 15 years, and used the two-way fixed effect estimation model based on Driscoll Kraay standard error to study the impact of industrial structure rationalization and industrial structure upgrading on work safety conditions at the level of the whole country and the four major economic zones. The results show that under different economic levels and industrial characteristics, the impact of industrial adjustment on work safety has regional heterogeneity, which improves the eastern, central and western regions. With the improvement of industrial rationalization level, the accident risk in Northeast China increases. The optimization and upgrading of industrial structure is conducive to improving work safety. By strengthening the synergy between regional industrial rationalization and upgrading, it can promote the parallel development of regional work safety and high-quality economy.

Influence of language style on semantic accessibility of work safety slogans

JIN Lianghai, LIU Jia, ZHU Zhongrong, XIA Lu, ZHU Yifan

2023, 33(4):  36-43.  doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.04.0767

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In order to maximize the publicity effect of work safety slogans, this paper studied the influence of language style on the semantic accessibility of work safety slogans. Firstly, the cognitive psychological process was analyzed, and the validity indicators (factors) of semantic accessibility such as understanding, acceptance and compliance were determined. The types (levels) of safety slogans were clarified based on the emotional priming effect, and a 3×4 (3-factor and 4-level) questionnaire was designed. Secondly, the variance (ANOVA) method was employed to explore the dimensionality differences of different language styles. Thirdly, the validity of semantic accessibility of work safety slogans with different language styles was calculated by weighting aggregation factor index values. The results show that the work safety slogans can be divided into 4 types according to the language style: serious type, emotional appeal type, humorous type and threatening type. The validity of semantic accessibility is defined as understanding, acceptance and compliance. There is no significant difference in the understanding of work safety slogans in different language styles. The serious and solemn work safety slogans have the highest acceptance, and the threatening and intimidating work safety slogans have the highest compliance. Overall, the threatening and intimidating work safety slogans have the higher validity of semantic accessibility.

Influence mechanism of achievement motivation on pilots' risk decision-making tendency

WANG Yanqing, JIANG Gan, ZHOU Shiqi

2023, 33(4):  44-51.  doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.04.1486

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In order to explore the influence mechanism of achievement motivation on pilots' risk decision-making tendency, a hypothetical relationship model of achievement motivation-hazardous attitude-risk decision-making tendency was constructed with hazardous attitude as the mediating variable and flight experience as the moderating variable. A questionnaire survey was conducted on 188 domestic civil aviation pilots using the maturity scales, and the hypothetical model was verified by analysis of mediating and moderating effects. The results show that there is a significant positive correlation between motivation to seek success and risk decision-making tendency. The motivation to avoid failure is significantly negatively correlated with risk decision-making tendency. Hazardous attitude is significantly positively correlated with risk decision-making tendency. The motivation to seeking success is significantly positively correlated with hazardous attitude. The motivation of avoiding failure is significantly negatively correlated with hazardous attitude. Hazardous attitude plays a mediating role in the influence of achievement motivation (seeking success/avoiding failure) on risk decision-making tendency. Flight experience has a moderating effect in avoiding the influence of failure motivation on hazardous attitude. Improving the psychological quality of pilots and adjusting the level of achievement motivation and hazardous attitude of pilots in time can help pilots objectively evaluate their own ability and external environment, reduce pilots' decision-making deviation and ensure flight safety.

Research on risk transfer path of ship navigation in Arctic waters based on SFN and SD

XI Yongtao, ZHANG Liang, FU Shanshan, HU Shenping, HAN Bing

2023, 33(4):  52-60.  doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.04.0840

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In order to clarify the risk transfer path of ship navigation in the Arctic waters, risk factors of ship navigation were identified from the human, ship, environment and management. SFN and decision making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) method were used to analyze the Arctic navigation risk events. The risk transfer probability and risk transfer path were obtained by subjective data and then the risk transfer network model of ship navigation in the Arctic waters was constructed. Based on the navigation record data of vessel "Yongsheng", SD method was used to simulate and verify the Arctic waters ship navigation risk transfer network model. The results showed that among the risk events of ship navigation in the Arctic, 8 were edge events, 14 were process events and 8 are target events and 15 risk transfer paths from edge events to target events were generated. The example shows that the risk transfer network model is reliable. This model can describe the transmission effect and path of risk events, obtain the dynamic probability curve of ultimate risk events, reveal the law of ship navigation risk transmission in the Arctic waters, which provide technical support for the formulation of risk prevention measures.

Research on influencing factors of construction workers' safety competency integrating ISM and G1 method

CHENG Lianhua, ZHAO Xudong, HAO Jie

2023, 33(4):  61-68.  doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.04.0962

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To explore the factors affecting the safety competency of construction workers, a factor analysis method integrating ISM and G1-Method was proposed. Firstly, the influencing factors were summarized and extracted based on the software-hardware-environment-liveware-liveware(SHELL) model and factor analysis method. Secondly, the multi-level hierarchical structure model of influencing factors of workers' safety competency was constructed through the ISM. Finally, the G1 method was used to calculate the degree of correlation between various factors and the importance of their impact on safety competency. The results show that the constructed model of the influencing factors of safety competency includes two dimensions of safety cognition competency and safety behavior competency and 16 influencing factors. Among them, safety concepts, operation skills and environmental adaptation are the superficial factors for forming construction workers' safety competency, while safety education and management are the deep factors for forming safety competency. At the same time, safety concepts, safety education and training and environmental adaptation are the main influencing factors of safety cognition ability. Operation skills, safety education and training and safety management are the main influencing factors of safety behavior competency.

Problems and countermeasures of standardization in response to public emergency

WANG Wan, XU Fengjiao, ZHANG Chao, ZHOU Qian, QU Ying, QIN Tingxin

2023, 33(4):  69-74.  doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.04.1663

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In order to improve the standardization level of public emergency response and enhance the ability to deal with emergencies, difficulties and dangers, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), the United States and China's public emergency response standardization statuses were separately analyzed in the aspects of standardization organizations, standard system, development and revision of the standard, standard application. Based on the comparison inspiration, it was guided by the demand and trend of standardization development in the public emergency, the problems in standardization work were revealed, and relevant countermeasures for current problems were put forward. The results show that: there are several problems existing in three major aspects, including the lack of top-level planning, the lack of close connection between standards and laws, regulations and policy documents, insufficient support for scientific and technological informatization, and insufficient rapidity and accuracy of the standard application. In response to the problems, it is necessary to formulate corresponding countermeasures from the aspects of mechanism and system construction.

A cognitive experiment of effect of emotion on construction workers' unsafe behavior

HU Feixiang, ZHOU Jianliang, LIN Xinyan, ZHANG Jiaqi, DAI Kexin

2023, 33(4):  75-83.  doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.04.0864

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In order to deeply analyze the mechanism of the effect of emotion on unsafe behavior, the correction method of unsafe behaviors were explored from the perspective of emotional control. Starting from the information cognition process, combining the eye-tracking technology and emotional arousal method, we designed an experiment on the influence of emotion on construction workers' unsafe behaviors based on the individual information cognition model. Using eye-tracking hotspot diagram and ANOVA(Analysis of Variance), the specific influence of emotion on construction workers' unsafe behaviors during the information cognition processing was explored by measuring the attention allocation, hazard recognition and risk propensity of workers in different emotional states. The results of the study show that: in the information acquisition stage of the cognitive process, positive emotions could promote workers' perception activities of on-site hazards, while in the information analysis stage, workers with positive emotions are more likely to have unsafe behaviors than those with negative emotions. Based on the emotional unsafe behavior model of individual information cognition, construction workers in positive emotional states are more inclined to intentional unsafe behaviors, while those in negative emotional states construction workers in positive emotional states are more inclined to unintentional unsafe behavior. It is suggested that construction enterprises should adopt targeted unsafe behavior control measures according to the emotional state of workers to improve the efficiency of on-site safety management.

Safety engineering technology

Localization algorithm for uranium tailings reservoir based on SSO in wireless sensor network

YU Xiuwu, PENG Wei, YU Yuanqin, LIU Yong

2023, 33(4):  84-90.  doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.04.0264

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In order to improve the positioning accuracy and convergence speed of localization algorithm for uranium tailings reservoir in WSN, the optimized sparrow search algorithm (SSA) was used to improve the localization algorithm based on signal strength indication (RSSI). Firstly, the chaotic mapping and elite opposition based learning were introduced to initialize the sparrow population, enrich the diversity of the population, and improve the global optimization ability of the algorithm. Secondly, the levy flight strategy was used to improve the searcher's position update method to avoid falling into local optimum. Then, the optimized SSA was used to replace the least square method to locate unknown nodes, and the localization algorithm was applied to the monitoring and positioning of radionuclide pollution in uranium tailings reservoir. Finally, under the conditions of different number of anchor nodes, communication radius and noise standard deviation, the sparrow search optimization localization algorithm (SSOLA) was compared with the weighted centroid localization algorithm (WCLA), received signal strength indicator difference localization algorithm (RSSID), sparrow search localization algorithm (SSA), particle swarm localization algorithm (PSO) and the salp swarm localization algorithm (SAP). The results show that compared with the other five algorithms, the positioning error of SSOLA has decreased by 41.9%, 45.2%, 26.8%, 39.9% and 36.9% on average, with higher positioning accuracy and faster convergence speed.

Analysis of fall accidents characteristics in building construction based on frequency statistics and χ²-PCC

XU Hu, CHEN Yuhang, HE Jiabin, YAHIA Halabi, LONG Danbing, ZHAO Shixing

2023, 33(4):  91-99.  doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.04.0403

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In order to investigate the characteristics of falling accidents and their interactive mode, as well as the dominant factors, 746 accident reports published by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China and other departments from 2010 to 2020 were collected, from which seven typical accident characteristics and corresponding indicators were concluded, including occurrence time, accident level, direct economic loss, falling height, classification of work at height, protective measures and worker's age. The frequency statistics were used to analyze the falling accident characteristics and rules, and χ²-PCC method was employed to identify the correlation level and the mutual influence degree between each factor. The results show that nearly half of the falling accidents occurred in the level 2 height range and more than half of the workers did not take effective protective measures in the accidents, while falling height, the number of deaths, direct economic losses and protective measures have significant correlations. The correlation coefficient between protective measures and the other three factors are 0.119、0.149 and 0.187, respectively. The correlation coefficient between falling height and the number of deaths is 0.404, and that between direct economic losses and the number of deaths is 0.957, and that between halfway operation and the number of deaths is 0.17. Moreover, some protection blind zones exist at lower heights in construction sites, and the available protective measures have not effectively mitigated the severity of falling accidents. Therefore, it is suggested to strengthen the safety monitoring of operations in dangerous areas, improve the standard of casualty compensation, and pay attention to the inspection and spot check of the performance deterioration of protective equipment after long-term use.

Structural safety early warning model of rural reconstruction houses

DUAN Zaipeng, LI Jiong, LI Fan, LIU Biqiang

2023, 33(4):  100-106.  doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.04.1221

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The structural safety problem of rural reconstruction houses structure is prominent, especially the ' Changsha 4·29 civil housing collapse accident ' highlights the seriousness of the problem. In order to solve this problem, firstly, based on machine learning algorithm, the safety early warning index system of rural reconstruction housing structure was constructed. Secondly, the initial data was preprocessed by standardization, and the imbalance of sample categories was solved based on oversampling algorithm. The classical machine learning algorithm was used to construct the safety early warning model of rural housing structure. Then, the ensemble learning algorithm was used to optimize the original model to improve the accuracy of the model. Finally, the importance of each early warning index was sorted. The results show that the classical machine learning algorithm has a better prediction effect on support vector machine (SVM), and the ensemble algorithm has a better effect on stacking method, with an overall prediction rate of 85.3%. The more important early warning indicators are 17, such as too large construction area, long construction year, no construction sketch, non-six key investigation houses, independent foundation, self-built houses in the urban-rural fringe for renting special groups for profit, too large number of upper floors, irregular design, and unqualified design.

Process monitoring and end-point identification of unattended liquid phase separation based on edge detection

CHENG Han, ZHU Morui, KONG Xinlin, PENG Huanqing, PENG Wei, ZHANG Hao

2023, 33(4):  107-113.  doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.04.0035

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To address the problem of unmanned and time-consuming laboratory operations, a monitoring and endpoint recognition algorithm for the pipetting process inside a transparent glass instrument with complex background was proposed. The experimental pipetting operation was captured using a camera, and the Canny operator was used for edge detection to obtain the container area for the pipetting operation. To avoid the influence of the multi-channel feature mixing in red-green-blue (RGB) color space during the pipetting, the target area image was converted to a grayscale image in real time. The trend of global grayscale image entropy was monitored over time to detect the progress of the pipetting, and the maximum value of the entropy change curve was used to determine the endpoint of the pipetting. The results show that the endpoint recognition method based on the one-dimensional grayscale image entropy in the masked cutting area has an average absolute error time of 0.80 s compared to the naked eye judgment of a scientist, and the judgment process is more stable. Compared with the whole-image algorithm, the masked algorithm reduces the average absolute error of endpoint discrimination by 19.50 s, and the relative error is reduced by 90.96%, indicating that the complex background significantly interferes with endpoint recognition. Compared with the image entropy based on the RGB color space, the endpoint discrimination based on texture information reduces the average absolute error by 7.10 s and the relative error by 89.87%, indicating that the texture information plays a major role in endpoint discrimination.

Instability detection method for construction workers working at altitude based on Gaussian mixture model

FAN Wenhan, LIN Xinyan, ZUO Chao, XU Xiaoyuan, ZHOU Jianliang

2023, 33(4):  114-120.  doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.04.0697

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In order to prevent the construction site high fall accident and achieve personalized correction management, based on considering the differentiation of motion signals caused by individual heterogeneity, a real-time detection method based on GMM was proposed, which can timely identify the instability state of construction workers working at height. This method used posture sensors to collect real-time acceleration and angular velocity data to describe the posture features of construction workers working at height. Based on GMM, it established a personalized instability detection method to obtain personalized thresholds for judging the instability state of construction workers working at heights. Finally, it compared two models constructed by individual and public data sets through experiments. The results show that the personalized detection model generated is far superior to the public data set model in accuracy (P), recall rate(R) and comprehensive evaluation value (F₁). It shows the better-personalized detection effect using the personalized detection model. This study can help identify personalized risks of instability working at height from workers' habitual working postures, provide new ideas and references for preventing falling accidents, and help realize personalized correction training for workers.

Simulation study on coupled lateral vibration of crowd-footbridge system driven by walking force

LI Panpan, MA Jian, WANG Qiao, CHEN Juan, CHEN Ruowei

2023, 33(4):  121-129.  doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.04.1014

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Aiming at the problem of abnormal vibration of long-span, slender and lightweight footbridge under the excitation of moving crowd load, the simply supported beam was used as the basic model of the bridge, and the social force model was used as the basic model of the pedestrian to describe the characteristics of pedestrian walking speed and dynamic walking frequency. The crowd-bridge coupling vibration model driven by pedestrian walking force was established to analyze the influence mechanism of pedestrian and footbridge related parameters on the coupled lateral vibration of the system. The results shows that when the number of pedestrians on the bridge exceeds a certain scale, there will be synchronization of the crowd-bridge system and large-scale lateral vibration of the footbridge. The synchronization process can be determined by the pedestrian phase change rate, when the lower limit of the order parameter R is 0.6, the system reaches the synchronization state. As the pedestrian arrival rate increases, the critical number of people causing resonance gradually decreases, and the time to reach synchronization tends to increase. When the pedestrian arrival rate is constant, the in creased sensitivity C value of pedestrian to footbridge vibration reduces the system synchronization time. When the proportion of the basic parameters of the footbridge is constant, the length change will have a significant impact on the critical number of people. With the increase of damping ratio, the time for the structure to produce large transverse vibration is prolonged. When the damping ratio reaches a certain value, the crowd-bridge system will not be synchronize.

Numerical simulation of dust distribution characteristics of multiple dusty sources in koji-making workshop

LI Peilin, JIANG Zhongan, ZENG Fabin

2023, 33(4):  130-139.  doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.04.0598

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In order to reveal the dust transport law and its distribution characteristics in the koji-making workshop, with the koji dismantling process area as the research background, the dust mass concentration equation in the koji-making workshop was established based on the Gaussian model. The Fluent software was used to numerically simulate the dust diffusion process in the koji-making workshop under natural ventilation conditions with different positions and quantities of dust sources, and the theoretically calculated values, numerical simulation results and measured data of dust mass concentration were verified against each other. The concentration distribution and spatial and temporal evolution of dust migration in the koji-making workshop under different working conditions were obtained. The result indicates that when the dust source is located at different positions in the fermentation silos, dust mainly concentrates near the working surface. Compared with the central operation, the near window operation causes a wider area of high concentration of dust in the fermentation silos, and the peak concentration of total dust fluctuated around 200 mg/m³. When the fermentation silos with different relative positions from the aisle are operated near the window, the dust in the aisle is mainly concentrated near the silos. Compared with the operation in a single silo, the multiple dust sources will have a superposition effect on the distribution of the dust in the aisle. Among them, the dust pollution in the aisle is the most serious when the adjacent silos are operated, and the total dust concentration is more than 75 mg/m³. Under single silo, adjacent silo and relative silo working conditions, the dust has been diffused to the whole aisle around the operation time at 525, 470 and 498 s, respectively.

Public safety

Resilience evaluation of government collaborative governance network in public health emergencies: based on prevention and control of novel coronavirus

CHEN Weigong, WANG Lizhan, ZHANG Yongliang, WANG Xiangdan

2023, 33(4):  140-147.  doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.04.2174

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In order to respond to various public health emergencies in a timely and effective manner, a resilient emergency governance organizational structure is the key guarantee. Taking the prevention and control of novel coronavirus infection in China as the research object, this study collected 951 policy publications at the central level since the outbreak of novel coronavirus epidemic in China, sorted out the joint relations among the issuers, and obtained a government collaborative governance relationship matrix. On this basis, we applied the complex network theory to build a government collaborative governance network for public health emergencies in China. Finally, using the social network analysis method, this paper put forward five dimensions of indicators that systematically represent the resilience of the network structure: hierarchy, matching, accessibility, clustering and diversity, and then realized the evaluation of the resilience of government collaborative governance organization in China from the perspective of structural topology. The results show that the network degree distribution coefficient is -0.591 6. The degree correlation coefficient is -0.188 3. The average path length is 2.129 0. The network efficiency is 0.403 5. The average clustering coefficient is 0.598 9. The average number of independent paths in the network is 4.095 5. The results show that the government collaborative governance network of public health emergencies in China has heterogeneity and obvious hierarchy, with good redundancy, but the network circulation level is low. The network has a poor ability to resist and absorb attacks, and it should be adjusted to improve the overall network early warning and anti-interference ability.

Evaluation of subway station flood safety resilience based on H-OWA operator and projection pursuit

CHEN Na, GUO Haoran, ZHANG Zhipeng, ZHAO Jun

2023, 33(4):  148-154.  doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.04.0671

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In order to improve the reliability of subway operation system, based on the resilience theory, a flood safety resilience index system of subway station flood including 20 resilience indexes was proposed from three aspects: resistance ability, adaptability and recovery ability. The H-OWA operator was used to correct the subjective error of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), and PPM was used to determine the comprehensive weight of the resilience index system. The evacuation simulation software Massmotion was used to obtain the emergency evacuation time of the subway station as the index data, and the flood safety resilience evaluation model of the subway station was established based on FCE. The model was applied to Zijingshan subway station in Zhengzhou. The results show that the safety resilience evaluation model can determine the flood safety resilience level of subway station by obtaining and processing the target subway station index data. The flood safety resilience level of Zijing Mountain subway station is a bit high resilience (Ⅳ), and the evaluation results are consistent with the actual situation of subway station. The defensive water level elevation index of the entrance and exit has the greatest impact on the flood safety resilience of the subway station.

Research on mediating effect of express way accident duration based on text information

CHEN Jiaona, JIN Yinli, TAO Weijun, LI Daofeng

2023, 33(4):  155-162.  doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.04.0826

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In order to explore the internal coupling relationship of the influencing factors of traffic accident duration and reveal the mechanism of text information in the chain transmission process, a keyword importance analysis method based on word frequency-inverse text frequency (TF-IDF) model was proposed by using natural language processing technology and random forest algorithm. At the same time, a multiple mediating effect model of highway traffic accident duration is established, and the Bootstrap sampling method of product coefficient was used to test the mediating effect. The significance of text features in parallel mediating path and two-level chain mediating path was tested respectively, and the strength of mediating effect was calculated. Taking 3 046 traffic accident records of expressways in Shanxi Province as an example, the results showed that in the influence path of duration, there is a partial chain mediating relationship between accident type and month, and the mediating effect accounts for 11.868%. There is a complete chain mediating relationship between accident type and weather, location and accident range, and the mediating effect accounts for 100%. The number of characters and the number of reports are significant mediating variables in the specific path. The number of reports is completely mediated by the type of mediating effect of the weather on the duration. The number of characters is completely mediated by the type of mediating effect of the accident range on the duration. The impact of the period on the duration is 7.075% through the number of characters. The two-level chain mediating path of specific keyword sets exists.

Study on safety of suspended track trains in interval evacuation mode

WANG Meina, JIANG Xuepeng, WANG Qirui, PU Ting, PENG Yi

2023, 33(4):  163-171.  doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.04.0834

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This paper studied the influence of different evacuation modes on the safety of personnel in case of fire in suspended track trains. Firstly, based on the characteristics of the vertical evacuation mode, a coupling formula of the personnel descending speed affected by the height and slope of stairs was constructed. Then, Pathfinder software was used to analyze the relationship between the parameters of evacuation facilities and the necessary safe evacuation time (t_R) of personnel under different evacuation modes. The results show that t_R of the vertical evacuation mode is positively correlated with the height of the train from the ground, and the independent stairs and inflatable slides meet the requirements of safe evacuation. The t_R of double inflatable slide is about 35.6% less than that of single inflatable slide. The slope of the independent stairs should be designed to be 30-35°, and the width should not be less than 1.3 m. The width of the crossing plate is preferably 1.5 m, and the width of the evacuation platform should not be less than 1.3 m. When the distance between evacuation platforms and stairs is 200 m, the t_R of the train at any position in the zone is about 415 s, which is less than 900 s and meets the requirement of safe evacuation. From the perspective of economy and sustainability, it is recommended to use independent stairs as the main method, supplemented by other escape facilities.

Research on key causes and transmission paths of hazardous chemicals tank truck transportation accidents

ZHENG Shiqiu, ZHOU Rongyi, YANG Bifan, LI Li, LU Yi

2023, 33(4):  172-178.  doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.04.1559

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In order to effectively reduce the occurrence of hazardous chemicals tank truck transportation accidents, identify key causes of the accidents and the transmission paths between factors. Based on the statistical analysis of 1041 hazardous chemicals tank truck transportation accidents from 2016 to 2020, 15 accident causation factors were extracted from four dimensions: human, machine, environment and management. Integrated DEMATEL method and ISM were used to analyze the correlation between each factor and the degree of influence on the accidents, and a multi-level hierarchical model was established. The results show that: wrong operation, tank and safety accessory faults are the direct key causes of accidents, while inadequate supervision and management, extreme weather, and inadequate education and training are the key causes of accidents. 23 and 16 accident transmission paths are developed, respectively, with inadequate supervision and management and extreme weather as the underlying factors. Among them, Inadequate supervision and management—inadequate education and training—wrong operation is the most dangerous transmission path, which should be controlled in accident prevention.

Research on urban rail failure recovery considering network resilience

ZHANG Wenjie, HU Junhong, WEN Chengwei, TANG Rui

2023, 33(4):  179-186.  doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.04.1770

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In order to improve the reliability of urban rail transit, a fault recovery strategy for urban rail transit was proposed. It was carried out based on interval restoration. The paper measured the network resilience performance function in terms of the global efficiency of the network. And the failed lines were segmented by different turnback intervals. Subsequently, an urban rail transit fault recovery model was constructed to minimize network toughness loss and total recovery time. An algorithm was designed to solve the failure recovery model, which was based on the global efficiency of the network. Finally, the fault recovery model was applied to the Chengdu metro network. Then the impact of train operation intersection adjustment on network recovery decision and network recovery performance under loop or radial line failure was discussed. The results show that the fault recovery method is effective. It can avoid the situation that the station is repaired but still needs to wait for other stations to be repaired for normal operation. The resilience loss of the recovery scheme considering train operation crossing adjustment is 28.3% less than that without considering operation crossing adjustment. Whether or not to consider train operation crossing adjustment has an important impact on the fault recovery decision for network loop lines, but has a small impact on the fault recovery decision for lines in the outer radial area.

Technology and engineering of disaster prevention and mitigation

RAGA-PP model for comprehensive disaster-bearing capacity evaluation of urban agglomerations

XIA Chenhong, ZHAI Guofang

2023, 33(4):  187-193.  doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.04.0936

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In order to solve the practical problem that it was difficult to dynamically evaluate the nonlinear optimization of the existing models, the PP model was introduced to evaluate the comprehensive disaster-bearing capacity of YRDUA, and the real coding-based RAGA was used to optimize the projection direction of the auxiliary multidimensional data spatial topology. The results show that the RAGA-PP model is highly consistent with the typical entropy weight method (EWM) and grey relational analysis (GRA) evaluation results, and the evaluation results of RAGA-PP are more in line with the actual situation, indicating that the RAGA-PP model has substantial accuracy, robustness, and anti-interference. It can not only focus on the value interval of excellent individuals to achieve global search and accelerated evaluation, but also to a large extent avoid the high-dimensional data that are difficult to deal with in traditional methods. In addition, the average level of the target projection values of each subsystem dimension is ranked as follows: disaster resistance dimension > disaster prevention dimension > disaster relief dimension > recovery dimension, indicating that the disaster resistance dimension index has the most significant influence on the comprehensive disaster bearing capacity.

Warehouse site selection of emergency epidemic prevention materials based on metapopulation SIR model

JIANG Xiaoyi, HE Ketai, JING Haosheng

2023, 33(4):  194-201.  doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.04.0886

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In order to improve the emergency response and control level of the epidemic situation, the location method of emergency epidemic prevention material reserve warehouse was studied. Firstly, considering the population in the urban network and the flow of people between cities, the composite population SIR model was used to predict the demand for emergency epidemic prevention materials, and the accuracy of the prediction was verified by the urban influenza data in North China in 2017. Then, the initial solution space was generated by rasterizing location area. Based on the principle of timeliness priority, a large-scale regional reserve warehouse location model based on p-median model was constructed. With the goal of minimizing the weighted transportation distance, an elite retention genetic algorithm combined with the center of gravity method was designed to solve the model. Finally, taking the construction of epidemic prevention material warehouse in North China as an experimental case, the validity of the model and algorithm was verified by using real transportation distance data. The results show that when the candidate location of the warehouse in a large-scale area is unknown, the model and the algorithm can ensure the rationality and computational agility of the location scheme, and meet the supply demand of emergency epidemic prevention materials under the condition of limited number of warehouses.

Emergency technology and management

Government-enterprise joint reserve decision for urban flood control materials considering level of maintenance

WANG Zhe, CONG Zihao, LIANG Mengyu, LIU Dan, MA Yong, XIA Xiaotang

2023, 33(4):  202-209.  doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.04.0256

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In order to scientifically develop the agent storage plan of urban flood control materials, in view of the periodic random occurrence of urban flood disasters, a differential game model was constructed to study the process of government and enterprise joint reserve and continuous maintenance to guarantee the demand for emergency response. Furthermore, the government-enterprise maintenance level models under the single reserve decision of the government, the joint reserve decision of government-enterprises and the Stackelberg decision were established, and the influence of maintenance level on material loss degree and system profit was analyzed. Moreover, Taking Wuhan urban waterlogging 2016 as the background, the simulation analysis was carried out by using Mathematic software. The results show that considering the maintenance level of government and enterprises can effectively reduce the material loss, and the government-enterprise joint reserve decision is better than the Stackelberg decision and the government single reserve decision. Under the government-enterprise joint reserve model, the maintenance level, material stock and total profit of the system can be Pareto optimal.

Government-enterprise cooperative evolutionary game of emergency material reserve under unconventional emergency events

SHAO Shuyu, LIU Yan, WANG Qing, ZHANG Shike, LIU Ruoyang

2023, 33(4):  210-220.  doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.04.0952

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In order to effectively reduce the loss of emergency materials under the coordinated management of government-enterprise, and based on the characteristics of collaborative management mechanism, firstly, the influence of factors on government-enterprise evolution game decision-making was considered, from aspects of collaborative management cost, government subsidy, enterprise prospect profit and loss, government punishment and other factors. Then, the co-evolution game model of the government-enterprise emergency material reserve under unconventional emergencies was constructed. The influence of different behavior of government and enterprise on emergency material reserves under conventional environments and unconventional emergencies was verified by simulation, and the enterprise behavior strategy and evolution stability were explored. And the factors that affect the behavior decision-making of both government and enterprise are analyzed. The effectiveness of the model was verified by simulation. The results indicate that appropriate economic incentives can not only improve the efficiency of emergency materials reserve, but also encourage enterprises to take the initiative to assume social responsibility, stimulate enterprises to take the lead in the implementation of the emergency mechanism, and reduce the coordination cost of enterprises participating in emergency materials reserves. Improving the long-term economic and social benefits brought by enterprises' implementing emergency materials reserves is conducive to improving the ability to deal with unconventional emergencies. When the costs and benefits of the two players meet certain conditions, the system will evolve to a stable state.

Occupational health

Research on occupational health damage in different working places in underground coal mine

JIA Gaini, JIANG Fang, YANG Ming, LIU Maomao, QUAN Xingyuan, WU Yidan

2023, 33(4):  221-229.  doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.04.1759

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In order to improve the evaluation system of coal miners' health damage and improve the level of miners' occupational health protection, this paper first evaluated the risk of dust and noise in the coal mine operating environment, and further adopted the health risk assessment and health damage quantitative assessment methods to establish the evaluation model of miners' dust and noise damage, and carried out health damage assessments for different types of work, and finally quantified the occupational health risk of miners in the form of currency. The results show that the risk level of coal mine dust and noise in the process of operation is the possible risk level, and the miners' health risk assessment model can be used to evaluate the health damage of miners caused by dust and noise. Except for all kinds of drivers and tunnellers in the high extraction roadway of Wu₈-31200 air tunnel, other types of work are affected by coal dust, and the impact of silica dust on miners is more serious under the same dust concentration. Within the same sound pressure level range, the older the workers are, the more serious the health damage caused by noise interference. At the same time, the type of work most affected by dust and noise is tunneling workers, whose occupational health risk is more than 13 000 yuan. The order of the occupational health risks in different places is as following: Wu₁₀-32040 air roadway, Wu₈-31200 air roadway high extraction roadway, Wu₈-32060 mining face, screening building, and storage and transportation team.