防治煤自燃的水合相变材料热学及阻燃特性研究

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.12.0064

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (12): 164-171.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.12.0064

防治煤自燃的水合相变材料热学及阻燃特性研究

李竟境¹(), 鲁义¹^,²^,³^,^**(), 邵淑珍¹, 施式亮¹, 史正景⁴, 余波⁵

¹ 湖南科技大学资源环境与安全工程学院, 湖南湘潭 411201
² 地下空间防火防爆材料与装备湖南省工程研究中心, 湖南湘潭 411201
³ 火灾爆炸防控与应急技术湖南省普通高等学校重点实验室, 湖南湘潭 411201
⁴ 中煤新集能源股份有限公司技术中心, 安徽淮南 232000
⁵ 国电建投内蒙古有限公司察哈素煤矿, 内蒙古鄂尔多斯 017209

收稿日期:2025-06-30 修回日期:2025-09-21 出版日期:2025-12-27
通信作者:
^** 鲁义(1986—),男,江西新干人,博士,教授,主要从事煤自燃与瓦斯灾害防治方面的研究。E-mail:luyijx@163.com。
作者简介:
李竟境 (2002—),女,陕西西安人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为火灾科学与技术。E-mail:1759668601@qq.com。
施式亮教授
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助(2022QB06801); 国家自然科学基金资助(52374200); 国家自然科学基金资助(52274196); 国家自然科学基金资助(52174180)

Study on thermal and flame retardant properties of hydrated phase change materials for preventing coal spontaneous combustion

LI Jingjing¹(), LU Yi¹^,²^,³^,^**(), SHAO Shuzhen¹, SHI Shiliang¹, SHI Zhengjing⁴, YU Bo⁵

¹ School of Resource & Environment and Safety Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Hunan Xiangtan 411201, China
² Hunan Engineering Research Center for Fire and Explosion Prevention Materials and Equipment in Underground Spaces, Xiangtan Hunan 411201, China
³ Key Laboratory of Fire and Explosion Prevention and Emergency Technology in Hunan Province, Xiangtan Hunan 411201, China
⁴ Technical Center of China Coal Xinji Energy Co., Ltd., Huainan Anhui 232000, China
⁵ Chahasu Coal Mine, Guodian Construction Investment Inner Mongolia Energy Co., Ltd., Ordos Inner Mongolia 017209, China

Received:2025-06-30 Revised:2025-09-21 Published:2025-12-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为有效抑制采空区煤自燃氧化进入加速阶段,以十二水硫酸铝铵和七水硫酸镁为原料,制备性能稳定、储热量大的水合相变材料(PCM);通过差示扫描量热试验、固流转换试验、程序升温试验、红外光谱试验、隔热试验及微观分析等手段,分析材料的热学性能、固流转换的驱动机理、储热性及阻化性能。结果表明:所研发材料的相变温度为66.8 ℃,相变潜热为300.708 J/g,升温过程中具有较低的比热容;其融化时间随温度升高呈指数型下降,融化后可形成较为致密的覆盖膜;当材料添加量为15%时,阻化率达到41%;在500 ℃热源条件下,材料厚度为30 mm时,有效隔热时间可达65 min。

关键词: 煤自燃, 水合相变材料(PCM), 阻化, 隔热, 红外光谱

Abstract:

To effectively suppress the transition of coal spontaneous combustion oxidation in goaf areas into the accelerated stage, a stable and high-heat-storage PCM was prepared using ammonium aluminum sulfate dodecahydrate and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate as raw materials. Through differential scanning calorimetry tests, solid-liquid transition tests, programmed heating tests, infrared spectroscopy, thermal insulation tests, and microscopic analysis, PCM thermal properties, the driving mechanism of solid-liquid transition, heat storage capacity, and coal oxidation inhibitory performance were studied. The test results show that the developed material has a phase transition temperature of 66.8℃, a latent heat of phase transition of 300.708 J/g, and a relatively low specific heat capacity during the heating process. The melting time exhibits an exponential decrease with increasing temperature, and a dense covering film forms after melting. When the material is added at a mass fraction of 15%, the inhibitory rate reaches 41%. Under a 500℃ heat source, with a material thickness of 30 mm, the effective thermal insulation time reaches 65 minutes.

Key words: coal spontaneous combustion, hydrated phase change materials (PCM), inhibition, insulation, infrared spectra.

中图分类号:

X936

李竟境, 鲁义, 邵淑珍, 施式亮, 史正景, 余波. 防治煤自燃的水合相变材料热学及阻燃特性研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2025, 35(12): 164-171.

LI Jingjing, LU Yi, SHAO Shuzhen, SHI Shiliang, SHI Zhengjing, YU Bo. Study on thermal and flame retardant properties of hydrated phase change materials for preventing coal spontaneous combustion[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2025, 35(12): 164-171.

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主要官能团	原煤		50 ℃处理抑制煤样		70 ℃处理抑制煤样		90 ℃处理抑制煤样
主要官能团	峰面积	面积占比/%	峰面积	面积占比/%	峰面积	面积占比/%	峰面积	面积占比/%
C-O-C伸缩振动	11.488 1	55.361 4	6.526 1	50.266 5	2.973 9	54.735 7	7.388 3	47.635 4
Ar-CO伸缩振动	1.489 4	7.177 5	1.177 8	9.071 9	0.148 7	2.736 9	0.528 3	3.406 2
-CH₃对称变形振动	0.875 0	4.216 6	0.704 5	5.426 3	0.258 9	4.765 1	1.565 6	10.094 1
-CH₂、-CH₃不对称变形振动	1.415 3	6.820 4	0.924 2	7.118 5	0.457 8	8.426 0	2.740 2	17.667 2
C=C伸缩振动	2.837 2	13.672 5	2.385 9	18.377 1	0.965 3	17.766 7	0.789 1	5.087 7
-COOH伸缩振动	2.646 1	12.751 6	1.264 5	9.739 7	0.627 6	11.551 2	2.498 6	16.109 5

防治煤自燃的水合相变材料热学及阻燃特性研究

Study on thermal and flame retardant properties of hydrated phase change materials for preventing coal spontaneous combustion

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图/表 13

参考文献 20

相关文章 15

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Metrics

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温度/ ℃	融化现象所需时间/min
温度/ ℃	t₁	t₂	t₃	t₄
90	1	3	7	12
85	3	5	10	20
80	5	9	20	50
75	15	65	85	135
70	100	190	210	290
65	290始终未融化
60	290始终未融化

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